There are routers that are internally configured to provide private IP addresses sequentially, however, there are firmwares that are designed to provide a specific IP address within the range and that is not sequential, based on an internal algorithm and the MAC address that is used.

Automatic : The DHCP server is responsible for providing an IP address to the client making the request, and it will be available to this client until it is released.Manual or static : the DHCP server will allow us to configure a list of IP-MAC pairs in order that a specific IP address is always provided to a client, and that this address never changes.The DHCP protocol includes several forms of assigning IP addresses, depending on the configuration we make and the scenario, we can use one form of assignment or another: The DHCP server will know at all times who has been in possession of an IP address, how long it has been, and when it has been assigned to another client. As the server assigns IP addresses, it also takes into account when a certain time passes and they expire, leaving it free for another client to obtain this same IP address. Thanks to this listing, the DHCP server makes sure not to provide two different computers with the same IP address, which causes chaos on the local network. When we have a DHCP server running, all the IP addresses that it has provided to different clients are stored in a list where the IP that has been provided (logical address) and the MAC address (physical address of the network card) are listed. This protocol is responsible for dynamically and automatically assigning an IP address, either a private IP address from the router to the computers on the local network, or also a public IP by an operator that uses this type of protocol for the connection establishment. Therefore, we will have one or more DHCP servers and also one or more clients, which must communicate with each other correctly so that the DHCP server provides information to the different connected clients. The DHCP protocol (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ) or also known as “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol”, is a network protocol that uses a client-server architecture.

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